In the last article of this AD CS series, we looked at how ESC1 can be used to gain higher privileges in Active Directory. In
Sapphire Ticket attacks are an advanced form of Kerberos exploitation within Active Directory environments. As the use of AD continues to grow, attackers are constantly
AD CS ESC1 Certificate Exploitation is a critical vulnerability in Active Directory Certificate Services. In this article, we will explores how misconfigured certificate templates can
ReadGMSAPassword Attack is a technique where attackers abuse misconfigured Group Managed Service Accounts (gMSA) to retrieve their passwords. In Active Directory, ReadGMSAPassword should only be
To begin with, this post explores the exploitation technique known as the Shadow Credentials attack. This attack leverages the mismanagement or exploitation of Active Directory
Pre2K Active Directory misconfigurations (short for “Pre-Windows 2000”) often stem from overlooked legacy settings in Windows environments. Common issues include enabling NTLM or SMBv1 for
In this post, we explore the exploitation technique known as the Kerberos Username Bruteforce or Kerberos pre-authentication brute-force attack. This attack takes advantage of Kerberos
In this article, we will explore different tools and techniques for enumerating Active Directory (AD) users’ passwords, a process crucial for attackers seeking to expand
The Diamond Ticket Attack represents a sophisticated escalation in Active Directory (AD) exploitation methods, leveraging intricate flaws in Kerberos authentication and authorization mechanisms. In this