This article explores Kerberoasting, a stealthy attack in Active Directory that exploits Service Principal Names (SPNs) to extract and crack TGS ticket hashes, revealing service
Impacket is a powerful Python toolkit for working with network protocols, particularly useful in Active Directory (AD) penetration testing. It provides various scripts to exploit
In this Certipy Active Directory Exploitation guide, we explore how to use Certipy—an offensive and defensive toolkit designed for Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)—to
ReadGMSAPassword Attack is a technique where attackers abuse misconfigured Group Managed Service Accounts (gMSA) to retrieve their passwords. In Active Directory, ReadGMSAPassword should only be
To begin with, this post explores the exploitation technique known as the Shadow Credentials attack. This attack leverages the mismanagement or exploitation of Active Directory
Pre2K Active Directory misconfigurations (short for “Pre-Windows 2000”) often stem from overlooked legacy settings in Windows environments. Common issues include enabling NTLM or SMBv1 for
In this post, we explore the exploitation technique known as the Kerberos Username Bruteforce or Kerberos pre-authentication brute-force attack. This attack takes advantage of Kerberos
In this article, we explore how attackers exploit AD user comments and attributes for password enumeration. This process helps attackers escalate their access within an
Active Directory (AD) penetration testing is an essential part of the security assessment of enterprise networks. Moreover, the Netexec tool offers a wide range of